E-commerce
E-commerce: the closure stories and lessons of 70 startups.
70 startups
Boxed
The online retailer that delivered bulk-size goods to the door without a membership fee
Closed2020 – 2023Mevsimi
The Turkish start-up that brought seasonal fruit and vegetables straight from growers to the door, with no mid
Closed2011 – 2023Morhipo
Boyner Holding's fashion site that brought new-season products and promotions together in one place
Closed2009 – 2023Zulily
The e-commerce site offering mothers daily flash sales on children's products
Closed2017 – 2022Gönder
A grocery platform that brought neighbourhood shopkeepers' goods to the door through online ordering and deliv
Closed2010 – 2022Yakala.co
The Turkish daily-deals site, backed by Hürriyet, that stood out for its witty voice
Closed2015 – 2022Zilingo
A marketplace and B2B platform digitising fashion sellers and the supply chain in Asia
Closed2016 – 2020Brandless
The unbranded everyday-essentials start-up that sold every product for $3
Closed2014 – 2020Jet.com
The online retailer that took on Amazon on price, then was bought and shut down by Walmart
Closed2008 – 2019Markafoni
The discount fashion site that popularised invitation-only private shopping in Turkey
Closed2011 – 20181V1Y (Bir Varmış Bir Yokmuş)
The private shopping site set up jointly by some of Turkey's best-known retail brands
Closed2006 – 2018BuldumBuldum.com
An e-commerce site selling personalised products and quirky gifts
Closed2017 – 2018Setmoda
The fashion site that suggested outfits to match the shopper's mood and sold them as sets
Closed2011 – 2017Butikbebe.com
The Turkish private shopping site selling products for mothers, mothers-to-be and babies through campaigns
Closed2011 – 2016Annelütfen
A vertical e-commerce site selling mother, baby and children's products, which also tried a subscription model
Closed2004 – 2016Bilio.com (Ucuzu.com)
A price comparison site born as Ucuzu.com that was renamed Bilio under Naspers
Closed2012 – 2016incir.com
The platform that let anyone open a virtual shop in a few clicks and sell on commission without holding stock
Closed2010 – 2016İndirdik.com
The Turkish deals site selling quirky products at a discount, first known as Bendeİstiyorum.com
Closed2012 – 2016Kliksa
Sabancı Holding's e-commerce site selling everything from technology to personal care
Closed2014 – 2016PepperTap
The Indian grocery delivery app that raised $50 million in two years and grew on discounts
Closed2014 – 2015Alikolo
The Indonesian e-commerce marketplace founded without knowing Tokopedia existed
Closed2010 – 2015Evim.net
A vertical e-commerce site for home decor that raised $5 million
Closed2010 – 2015Fab
The daily-deals design shop once valued at more than $1 billion
Closed2009 – 2015Limango Türkiye
The Turkish private shopping site of Limango, part of Germany's Otto Group
Closed2012 – 2015Lokum.com
Yemeksepeti's online shop for regional and artisan food
Closed2010 – 2015Şehir Fırsatı (Groupon Türkiye)
Groupon's Turkish brand, a daily deals site selling vouchers for restaurants, spas and events
Closed2011 – 2013DayBuyDay
A private shopping site founded as a partnership between Hepsiburada and Cem Hakko, which launched with Vakko
Closed2012 – 2013DesignLocks
An online shop offering different, original design products every day
Closed2012 – 2013Gamoba
A vertical e-commerce site selling PC and console games, gaming accessories and electronics
Closed2012 – 2013Goboti
The e-commerce site selling one designer T-shirt a day from Turkish designers
Closed2012 – 2013Gurunzi
The curated shopping site selling, at a discount, products that celebrities had tried and recommended
Closed2011 – 2013Memurfoni
A group-buying site offering discounted deals to members of Memurlar.net
Closed2011 – 2013Pakette
The Turkish e-commerce site that sold one discounted product a day, with free shipping on three
Closed2012 – 2013StilSOS
The social fashion showcase that presented products from different brands and designers as outfits
Closed2009 – 2013Totsy
The flash-sale site for mothers that went into liquidation a year after raising $23.5 million
Closed2010 – 2013VIPDükkan
One of Turkey's first flash-sale sites, a branded-goods discount club that grew on TV advertising
Closed2011 – 2013Wantful
A personalised gift recommendation start-up that shut down abruptly when Nordstrom's investment failed to arri
Closed2012 – 2012Bamarang Türkiye
Rocket Internet's Turkish site selling design products through flash sales
Closed2011 – 2012Evimister
The vertical e-commerce site selling everything from home decor to home electronics
Closed2012 – 2012Fyonk
A social gifting app that let people send friends gift vouchers on their Facebook birthdays
Closed2005 – 2012Pabbuc.com
A shoe and bag shop remembered as Turkey's first online shoe retailer
Closed2011 – 2012Saklışehir
A group-buying site offering traditional experiences to conservative users
Closed2011 – 2012Sporena
The Turkish vertical e-commerce site selling sports shoes, clothing and accessories
Closed2010 – 2012Vimjo
A Turkish e-commerce site that set out to bring personal care and health products together in one place
Closed2012 – 2012Zidaya
The shoe, clothing and accessories site Rocket Internet set up in Turkey
Closed2008 – 2011İçkisepeti
The Istanbul site that delivered alcohol to your door in about half an hour, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Closed2003 – 2009Koysepete
An Ankara-based shopping site selling everything from computers to home textiles in instalments
Closed2005 – 2009Teketek
A technology distributor's shopping site, focused on computers and electronics
Closed2005 – 2009Yeterkiiste
The technology-focused online shop set up as an affiliate of İş Bankası
Closed1998 – 2008Estore
One of Turkey's first general online shopping sites, an e-store that also sold on television
Closed2007 – 2008Tio
The shopping guide that compared prices and let you buy from different shops with a single account
Closed2000 – 2008Weblebi.com
One of Turkey's first generation of general online shopping sites
Closed1997 – 2001eToys
The online toy retailer that became an emblem of the dotcom bubble
Closed1998 – 2000Boo.com
A European start-up that tried to sell branded sports and fashion clothing online with a 3D experience
Closed1998 – 2000Pets.com
The dotcom that sold pet supplies online, famous for its sock-puppet mascot
Closed2000 – 2024Croquetteland
E-commerce
Closed2004 – 2023Book Depository
UK-based online book seller
Closed1998 – 2023PCP.COM Gruppe
E-commerce
Closed2005 – 2021DealExtreme
Chinese web shop
Closed1999 – 2021Discshop.se
E-commerce
Closed2007 – 2021ZOOT
Company in the Czech Republic
Closed2005 – 2019Fotolia
Microstock photography agency and website
Closed2008 – 2017alittleMarket.com
E-commerce
Closed2005 – 2017JAGO
E-commerce
Closed1996 – 2017NCIX
Canadian online computer hardware and software retailer
Closed2004 – 2014Zip.ca
Company
Closed2000 – 2009Home Décor Products
Online home improvement retailer
Closed2005 – 2008ClickStar
Movie distribution company
Closed1994 – 2003Open Market
Massachusetts e-commerce company
Closed1998 – 2001beenz.com
Website
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This section is compiled from public sources (Wikidata, news archives and company announcements). Figures are given as they appear in those sources; unknown fields are left blank. If you spot a mistake in an entry, you can send us a correction.